What Is Topology in Oracle ODI?
Topology is the representation of the information system in Oracle Data Integrator and which uses the topology to connect to resources in the information system for integration processes.
It includes everything from data servers and schemas through reserved keywords in languages used by different technologies. ODI uses this topology to access the resources available in the information system to carry out integration tasks.
What Is in the ODI Topology?
All available technologies are defined in the topology. For each technology, the available data types are defined. However, you define all data servers that use the technology in your information system. For each data server, you then define the subdivisions that are known as schemas in ODI.
Next, you must define the agents that carry out the integration tasks at run time. You also set up the contexts that enable you to define an integration process at an abstract logical level, then link it to the physical data servers where it will be performed.
Languages and actions are also found in the topology. Languages specify the keywords that exist for each technology, and actions are used to generate the data definition language (DDL) scripts.
You would only need to modify these parts of the topology if you were adding a new technology to ODI.
Data Servers and Physical Schemas
The most essential things to define in your topology are your data servers and physical
schemas. These enable you to connect to your data through ODI.
What Is a Data Server?
The definition of a data server in ODI is fairly broad. A data server may not always be a traditional DBMS. Instead, any system that is capable of storing data and making that data available in the form of tables is a potential data server in ODI. In ODI topology, a data server is always attached to a specific technology, such as Oracle, Oracle Essbase, Sybase, Extensible Markup Language (XML), or Microsoft Access.
There are multiple ways of connecting a data server to ODI. Most often, Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) is used. JDBC drivers exist for a wide range of technologies. Java Naming and Directory Interface (JNDI) is another way to connect to your data server through a directory service. Additionally, new technologies can be created that enable connectivity to application-specific data sources such as Oracle’s Hyperion Essbase. Some concrete examples of data servers may be helpful. Each instance of a traditional database engine, such as Oracle or Microsoft SQL Server, is a data server. Thus, if you have two instances that are running on the same machine, ODI considers them to be separate data
servers.
A Hyperion Essbase server instance is also a data server. The ODI physical schema represents an Essbase application, and the database represents the Essbase database (cube). This is an example of an application that is capable of storing data and presenting it in the form of tables.
There are a number of simple guidelines to remember when setting up your topology in ODI.
Guideline 1 and Recommendations is that every data server in your information system should appear once in your topology. For example, if you have a machine running two instances of Oracle and one Paradox data source, you have three physical data servers.
Guideline 2 and Recommendations
For each data server in your topology, you must define a physical schema to represent each subdivision of the server that will be used. So, if a server has four technology-specific subdivisions, but you want to use only two in ODI, you must define two physical schemas for that server.
What Is a Physical Schema?
A physical schema is a subdivision of a data server whose precise definition depends on the technology involved. Physical schemas indicate the physical location of the datastores, such as tables, files, topics, and queues inside a data server. The names of physical schemas are used to prefix object names when generating code to produce their qualified names. The physical schemas that need to be accessed have to be defined under their corresponding data servers. You will now see some examples of how this works on different technologies
Physical Schemas: Properties
An ODI physical schema comprises two separate data server schemas: A data schema where the datastores for the physical schema are located and a work schema that is used by ODI to store temporary objects during integration processing. Several physical schemas can share the same work schema.
A data server schema in a data server is uniquely identified, depending on the technology, by a catalog name or a schema name, or both. The terms for the catalog name and the schema name differ depending on the technology.
For example, in Microsoft SQL Server, the catalog is called “database,” and the schema is
called the “owner.”
In Oracle, there is no catalog and a schema is called a “schema” or “user.” You will see some
examples later in this lesson.
Though a data server can have several physical schemas, it has one default physical schema that is used to select a work schema to store server-level temporary objects during certain integration processes.
Defining Topology: Example
The most essential things to define in your topology are your data servers and physical schemas. These enable you to connect to your data through ODI.
Example: Infrastructure for Two Production Sites
Here is an example that you will refer to throughout this lesson. It is a simple setup with accounting and sales information that is used to populate a data warehouse and a purchasing database.
There are two separate production sites, with the first based in London. The London production site has a Windows machine that runs SQL Server. The data warehouse for London is hosted on this machine. The SQL Server database is named db_dwh at this site and the London purchasing database, also hosted on this machine, is named db_purchase.
The example also shows a Linux machine, which, for historical reasons, has two different versions of Oracle running on the same system. One version has a schema for accounting, and the other version has a schema for sales.
A second production site is in New York. Here, the data warehouse and purchasing databases are split onto different Windows machines that run SQL Server. The data servers are labeled “MS SQL Server A” and “MS SQL Server B.” However, the accounting and sales databases run on a single Oracle server. Note that the physical schemas at this site have different names from those at the London site.
ODI Design: Physical Architecture of the Two Production Sites
Applying the previous architecture in ODI design, guidelines 1 and 2 enable you to design this physical architecture in ODI. You disregard which machines physically run which servers.
Each Oracle and SQL Server instance is represented as a data server in the ODI topology.
Similarly, each Oracle schema or SQL Server database is represented as a physical schema
Logical Schemas and Contexts
You learned about the physical architecture, which describes how ODI physically accesses data. Now, you look at the logical architecture, which is a more general view that takes into account the similarities between the physical schemas in different environments.
What Is a Logical Schema?
The essential concept to understand in the logical architecture is the logical schema. A logical schema is a single alias for different physical schemas. These schemas should have similar or identical data structures, and must be based on the same technology. The logical schema thus brings together different physical schemas representing the same kind of data in different contexts.
If two similar data schemas are stored in two different data servers, but they have the same data structures, you declare the two data schemas as physical schemas in ODI, according to guideline 2. However, you create a single logical schema that represents the pair of schemas. The context determines the physical schema that will be used at any given time.
A good example of a logical schema is found in the information system example. In London, the accounting database is stored in a schema called ACCOUNTING. In New York, the schema is called ACCT. Both of them have the same data structure; they contain all tables for an accounting application. In the ODI topology, you consider them as one logical schema: Accounting.
Important Guideline 3
You should define one logical schema each time that you have a group of physical schemas containing similar data structures. In this example, Accounting represents the ACCOUNTING Oracle schema on the Windows machine in New York, the ACCOUNTING schema on the Oracle 10g server running on Linux in London, and the ACCT schema running on Linux in New York.
Note: A simple way to understand guideline 3 is to remember that one logical schema corresponds to the data structure for one application, implemented in several places called physical schemas.
Logical Versus Physical Architecture
This distinction can be generalized into the logical architecture as distinct from the physical architecture.
The physical architecture tells ODI about physical resources, such as connections to data servers and agents that will be covered later in the lesson. The physical architecture describes the locations of servers that exist in your information system and the schemas that you want to use on them. For example, you may logically have one data schema representing your accounting application. But, if this schema exists in different places, you should declare these as separate physical schemas.
The logical architecture, on the other hand, gives a more abstract view of these resources. In this example, your accounting application schema is defined only once in the logical architecture. It is a single schema implemented in several different contexts.
What Is a Context?
A context represents a “situation” where you see the same group of resources. From a technical perspective, a context maps individual logical resources onto individual physical resources. So, given a context and a logical resource, ODI can determine the unique physical resource that is appropriate. In terms of topology, the logical architecture is mapped onto the physical architecture through a context. In your example, London, New York, and Development are contexts representing different geographical sites. However, it can also represent situations for different purposes, such as development, test, or production sites.
A Context Maps a Logical to a Physical Schema
A logical schema can have multiple physical schemas resolved per context. In this example, for the Development context, the ORACLE_ORCL_LOCAL_SALES logical schema maps to the
ORACLE_ORCL_LOCAL.SALES_DEV physical schema
Defining Contexts
Guideline 4: If you have similar groups of resources in different situations, you should define one context for each situation.
If you apply guideline 4 to the example, each site clearly represents the same collection of four different resources. Therefore, you have three contexts: Development, London, and New York.
Dev Site: MumbaiProd Site: London
Production Site: New York
Mapping Logical and Physical Resources
You now illustrate the meaning of a context graphically by using the infrastructure example.
You know about the data warehouses in New York, New York, and London that have different names but share similar data structures. At the logical architecture level, you have a single logical schema called Data warehouse. However, you have three contexts. In the “Development” context, this logical schema is mapped onto the physical schema db_dwh at the New York site. In the “New York” context, it is mapped onto the physical schema dwh at the New York site. In the London context, the logical schema is mapped onto the physical schema db_dwh at the London site.
Mapping Logical and Physical Resources (continued)
You may wonder what would happen if you had a large number of logical resources and a large number of contexts. Would you have to map every single logical resource in every context?
The answer is no. You can leave logical resources unmapped in any context. However, when executing an object in that context, unmapped logical resources cannot be reached. In addition, one single physical resource may be useful in several contexts. For example, you may want to retrieve information from the company Web server in various contexts. This does
not pose a problem. You simply map it to a logical resource in each context. There is a restriction regarding contexts and mapping logical and physical resources. In a given context, a logical resource can be mapped to one physical resource at the most. That is, in a certain context, the data warehouse logical schema cannot be mapped to the data warehouses in London and New York simultaneously. This means that when you ask for one logical resource in one context, you will always have
access to one physical resource if the logical resource is mapped in the context.
Planning the Topology
To plan your topology:
1. Identify the physical architecture that you have in place. All physical data servers and schemas need to be defined in ODI.
2. Similarly, consider the agents you would need and the machines on which they would be located.
3. Identify the different contexts you have by looking for similar data schemas and agents in different situations.
4. Provide names for those similarities to create a logical architecture. Provide a name for each logical schema and Logical agent.
5. Finally, write a matrix of the mappings from your logical architecture to your physical architecture (Use pen and paper.).
.
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IPMETV ofera solutii calitative si inovative pentru a receptiona canalele
IPTV Romania după intermediul internetului, fara antene si costuri extra de instalare.
Din acest motiv, inainte de a achizitiona un abonament iptv, puteti şi testati IPTV
Romania rodul-pământulu i de 24 ore gratuit. IPTV Romania
este providerul NR. Serviciile noastre de iptv ofera ansamblu ceea
ce promit, calitate superioara si support excelent.
Serviciul nostru de IPTV vă oferă exact ce trebuie dvs, conținutul are
o calitate ridicata, iar asistenta tehnica este una rapida.
Operatorii de telecomunicaţii oferă în grilele lor posturi HD variate, în funcţie de
pachet ales, iar Orange TV este furnizorul cu cele mai multe
astfel de canale. Un alt jucător pe care nu-l putem ignora datorită setului mare
de funcționalități pe care le oferă. În surpriză, există un număr mare
disponibil, așa că am selectat cele mai bune pagini și aplicații
pentru a viziona filme gratuite online. În pachetul disponibil online ai
13 posturi HD: AXN, BBC Earth, BBC World News, FilmBox Extra, Mooz, Mooz Dance, Nat Geo People, National Geographic,
Sundance, Trace Sport Stars, Travel, Viasat conj iConcert.
Canale TV românești online ori după satelit, pe orice dispozitiv, oriunde te-ai afla!
tested to see if it can survive a twenty five foot drop, just so
she can be a youtube sensation. My iPad is now broken and she has 83 views.
I know this is entirely off topic but I had to share it with someone!
also the rest of the site is extremely good.
is beneficial in favor of my knowledge. thanks admin
streaming live, fotbal, IPTV și multe altele pe
televizor în câțiva pași simpli. Desigur, ne permite,
de asemenea, şi ascultăm muzică atât în streaming, cât și în cele mai populare formate:
MP3, AAC, FLAC etc. Filme populare străine cu cele mai bune ratinguri în rândul publicului.
Amenda pentru neplata licenței TV în UK poate ajunge la £1,000
plus taxele de scaun! Putem adauga programul la favorite, putem alege calitatea care căţăra pana la HD plus alte setari a preciza unui player.Asta a fost tot, acum aveti canale TV pe telefon, aplicatia nu se intrerupe si
nu apar reclame deloc si chiar o recomand. Functioneaza ireprosabil, nu are reclame si
nici nu trebuie sa cumperi nimic in plus. 1. functioneaza pe
PC, tableta, telefon… Portalul este disponibil
şi în tra-ducere pentru mobil, ce poate fi accesată cu orice
telefon cu Android pe care este instalată aplicaţia
SopCast. Iată ce informații poți afla în articolul de față: (dacă apeși pe oricare dintre subtitlurile de mai jos vei fi redirecționat la capitolul corespunzător).
to be shared across the internet. Disgrace on Google for now not
positioning this post upper! Come on over and discuss with my site .
Thanks =)
new web site or even a weblog from start to end.
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probabilitățile , cel mai ușor de utilizat Windows IPTV player de pe piață.
Dar, în primul şirag, de precizăm ce este un player IPTV.
Dacă folosiți o altă aplicație gen Smart IPTV, NET IPTV, HOME IPTV, IPTV EXTPREME, etc,
în funcție de detaliile specificate și volumul comenziilor efectuate în ziua respectivă, echipa noastră vă va
activa oficiu în cel mai restrâns rodul-pământulu i. Mulți, având în obraz că este o aplicație gratuită.
Această aplicație vă permite să transmiteți în flux canale TV ori radioreceptor pe internet, precum și de
redați filme și orice alt categorie de conținut. Prin satelit se pot
a primi fără abonament mii de canale de
teve conj radiodifuziune. Această platformă deschisă poate folosi playerul nostru
preferat pentru a viziona canale TV. Abonamentul tau 24 IPTV Romania iti ofera access la o gama larga de canale
TV premium romanesti si internationale. Add favorite content and access it easily!
Set in Kaštela, 650 metres from Ostrog Beach and 700 metres from Šumica Beach, NEW VILLA DAVID,
WI-FI, IPTV, 5 bedrooms, 4 bathrooms offers a seasonal outdoor swimming pool and air
conditioning. Palace Beach is less than 1 km from NEW VILLA DAVID, WI-FI, IPTV, while Putalj Winery is 6 km away.
I mean, what you say is important and everything.
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Recepţionarea programelor TV Online necesită o conexiune
mai bună la Internet decât în cazul posturilor
de radio online. Furnizorii de ajutor doresc de livreze servicii
multiple peste o singură rețea și adesea aleg tehnologia
IP deoarece ea poate de furnizeze în plus la IPTV VoIP și
o mare viteză de acces web pe o singură platformă, un astfel de triplet adică televiziune, internet și telefonie
se numește Triple-Play, dacă se mai adaugă și mobilitate, se ajunge la Quadruple-Play.
Pe site-ul nostru, încotro oferim servicii de televiziune mobilă, încercăm de transmitem fluxuri de difuzare și programe zilnice ale tuturor
canalelor pe internet, în fiecare oră, în limitele responsabilităț ilor legale.
Parchetul din Milano a delegat Guardia di Finanza din Milano să efectueze diverse percheziții pe întreg teritoriul Italiei, în cadrul unei vaste operațiuni denumită „The Net", pentru a combate o rețea IPTV (Internet Protocol Television) care oferea servicii în mod ilegal.
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şi urmărești gratuit posturile TV preferate din România?
Cum pot Viziona posturile IPTV cu VLC pe PC? Avem instalat software care cuceri la minim
blocarea imaginii asigurand un streaming continuu.Servic iile
noastre pot fi accesate de pe orice dispozitiv.Vite za recomandata pentru
o vizionare in flux continuu trebuie sa fie de minim 5 mb/sec.Fiind un streaming
online aceasta va consuma din traficul de internet,
este recomandat sa aveti regie nelimitat.Pot fi
folosite dispozitive MAG 250, MAG 254, MAG 256 fiind considerate cele mai stabile.Servici ile pot fi folosite direct pe Smart Tv
cu diferite aplicatii instalete precum Kodi Player
ori Smart IPTV.Poti a căuta posturile TV pe dispozitive cu Android instalat sau
cu ajutorul BOX TV. Aplicația Kodi este esențială dacă doriți să puteți
întâlni tot felul de conținut, fie că sunt filme, seriale, documentare
și chiar YouTube direct. Astăzi vă prezentăm cele mai
bune aplicații pentru a viziona canale cu plată 100% gratuite
cu care să poți a se închipui orice fel de conținut, inclusiv neştine dintre
lucrurile care se consumă astăzi, care este sportul în general.
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